¿Cuándo es buen momento para ser padres? ¿Es mejor decidir el momento? ¿Simplemente dejar que suceda? Quedarse embarazada sigue siendo una decisión muy importante en la vida de las personas, por lo que hay que tener en cuenta algunos consejos y recomendaciones previas a la hora de quedarse embarazada.
“La decisión de ser padres en el 50 % es planificada, pero si estás pensando en ello, deberías conocer la importancia conductas saludables para gozar de un buen embarazo”, explica la matrona Patricia Briñón. La Sociedad Española de Obstetricia y Ginecología ha elaborado un protocolo de consulta preconcepcional a realizar por ginecólogos y matronas para identificar que condiciones pueden ser mejoradas para tener un mejor resultado en el nacimiento del bebé, y se ha demostrado que su uso disminuye la morbi-mortalidad infantil.
La consulta preconcepcional tiene como finalidad conocer aquellos factores que pueden dificultar (o facilitar) la concepción y el posterior desarrollo del embarazo y la maternidad para poder incidir sobre ellos precozmente. Para Briñón, en cada caso, se debe “personalizar según las características de la mujer y su pareja, según sus antecedentes y su historia reproductiva”, apunta.
Anamnesis y exploración
Para esta matrona es totalmente necesario realizar una evaluación del riesgo a todas las mujeres que acuden a una consulta preconcepcional. “Hay que realizar una adecuada exploración general y ginecológica”, asevera.
Antecedentes médicos
Antes del embarazo se debe valorar el estado de la enfermedad y la repercusión que puede tener un embarazo. “Entre las enfermedades crónicas que con más frecuencia afectan a mujeres en edad fértil están la diabetes, asma, enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, epilepsia, enfermedad cardiovascular, patología autoinmune, enfermedades tiroideas y patologías psiquiátricas”, concluye.
Antecedentes reproductivos
Se debe interrogar sobre abortos previos, embarazos anteriores y problemas derivados, tipo de partos y complicaciones.
Enfermedades infecciosas
Es importante conocer la exposición de la mujer a algunas enfermedades infecciosas cómo Rubeola, Toxoplasma, Hepatitis B y C, VIH y enfermedades de transmisión sexual; así cómo su estado de vacunación.
Factores psicosociales
Hay que tener en cuenta el estilo de vida de la futura gestante con relación a hábitos nutricionales, cafeína, abuso de alcohol, tabaquismo, uso de drogas ilegales, exposición a tóxicos, riesgo laboral y entorno familiar.
Si estás pensando en quedarte embarazada o tienes alguna duda sobre el mismo, puedes consultar online a un profesional para que te asesore desde este paso previo.
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